Planetary Gear Set Work - In vehicles, a transmission is a part of the powertrain that works by adjusting the changes in speed and torque produced by the engine based on demand and road conditions.
One type of transmission commonly used is the automatic transmission. There are many different types of automatic transmissions, one of which uses an automatic transmission is a transmission with a combination of planetary gears. The components of an automatic planetary gearbox are different from those of a manual transmission.
Here are the main components of an automatic transmission:
- Torque converter.
- Planetary gear unit.
- Hydraulic control unit.
In this article, we will discuss planetary gear sets, starting from their function, composition and working mechanism.
Planetary gear is a gear system consisting of an outer gear and a center gear. At first glance, this system is similar to the solar system, in that the outer and central gears are arranged like the planets orbiting the sun in their orbits. With such rotation, it will be possible to create moments of up and down the speed of a car.
Planetary Gear Function
One of the functions of the planetary gear is to increase the vehicle engine speed. With this unit, it can move heavy machinery such as cars, releasing light power. Another function of this planetary gear is that the vehicle can go forward and backward.
Planetary Gear Components
1. Sun Gear
The sun gear is the arrangement of the gears in the planetary gear set. The gear versi used is Spur. Sun gears are small in size and are in the middle or axis and often have a small amount of teeth as another "colleague". These teeth with sun's gear are associated with planetary equipment.
2. Planetary Gear Equipment
The position of the planetary gear is surrounded by solar equipment. This component is installed more than one room and depends on the vehicle used. This component is combined by planet support in its circuit. In general, there are 3 pieces, but if you need more energy than 5 pieces.
3. Ring Gear / Gear Annulus
It is in the outer line of the device, surrounding the gears and solar equipment. The crown component binds all the internal components. The number of teeth of the gearbox is more than that of other parts because the operations that characterize it are also many.
How Planetary Gears Work
Now that you know the components of a planetary gear, it's time to learn how they work. In this case, all components can function and adapt to the resulting "task". The following is a description of how the planetary gear operates depending on the transmission conditions.
1. Deselerasi
Input : gear
Output : planetary carrier
Fixed : Sun Gear
When the sun gear is held or stationary and the crown is rotated, the planetary gear rotates. So that now the rotation between ring gear and planetary gear will be in the same direction and the output shaft will reduce its speed (deceleration) so that the rotation is the same as the input shaft with only planetary gear rotation.
2. Direct Coupling
Input : sun wheel and ring gear
Output : planetary carrier
When the ring gear and the sun wheel are connected and rotated together, the planetary gear also rotates in the same direction, and the rotation speed between the ring gear and the planetary carrier is the same.
3. Acceleration
Input : planetary carrier
Output : gear
Fixed : Sun gear
When the sun gear is held and the planetary carrier is rotated, the planetary gear rotates around. At this point the rotation between ring gear and planetary gear becomes unidirectional and increases the rotation speed of the output shaft.
4. Reverse motion
Input : sun wheel
Output : gear
Fixed : planetary carrier
When holding the planetary carrier and rotating the sun wheel, the ring gear rotates in the opposite direction of the sun wheel's rotation. Therefore, at this time, the sun wheel functions as an entrance and the crown as an exit. Due to the larger gear ratio of the sun gear, the gear rotation speed is reduced or slow (the shaft gear rotates slower than the sun gear).
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